Hiren Pandit: The first industrial revolution began with the discovery of railways, steam-engines, and the use of machinery in production.
The second Industrial Revolution began with power generation.
The third industrial revolution was also known as the computer or digital revolution.
Small and powerful sensors, mobile internet, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are the main forces of the fourth revolution.
There are qualitative differences in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in which machines have been made intelligent.
In other revolutions, man has used the machine and, in this revolution, the machine is gaining the ability to operate itself.
The machine is being intelligent through artificial intelligence or machine learning.
The capacity of the device is much higher than the human brain and the processing capacity is much faster.
Due to the Internet, the scope of its activities has expanded a lot.
What Bangladesh can do
An intelligent computer sitting in Bangladesh can command an instrument from any country, measure the temperature of a room, and order to increase or decrease the temperature.
However, there is a need for people to provide services that have a human touch.
On the other hand, the need for merit-based professions such as programmers, artificial intelligence, IoT, etc., the demand for skilled people is increasing.
There is a dearth of skilled programmers in our country. Technology is changing very fast in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
New technology is bringing more new technology. Combining different technologies is bringing change in the economy, society, business, and personal life.
The instruments will talk to each other, know what the situation is, and take action accordingly.
People are accustomed to thinking in a straight line.
Nowadays a variety of body wearable devices have been discovered, which collect body health data; Such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse, blood sugar, etc.
These data are stored in a computer database so that they can be used for future treatment.
Google Glass is working on a limited number of computer monitors.
In the developed world doctors have a legal obligation to record conversations with patients.
The doctors themselves would write the conversation down on a computer.
A Silicon Valley-based organization uses Google Glass to post patient conversations with doctors on the Internet in various countries, including Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka; which any young man or woman who knows English sitting here is recording. These glasses are slowly taking the place of the monitor.
Plastic, aluminum, ceramic, steel, etc are being made through 3D printing.
Factory work can now be made on a printing machine.
Import-dependent Bangladesh’s garment industry will be able to make many things on 3D printers itself, which will reduce transportation costs, which will reduce environmental pollution.
Clothing nowadays is connected to the internet using chips in equipment, resulting in health messages for the body.
People can also send or receive various information through the internet by rubbing their clothes.
Computer processing capacity is increasing and prices are decreasing.
Sensors or chips are being used in various electrical appliances and they can communicate with each other.
The strength of IoT
It is the Internet of Things or IoT that can send messages to people through the Internet.
There is a lot of research being done on IoT in the developed world.
Through the internet, your car, home AC, and the fridge will be turned on automatically at the specified time, setting the desired temperature in the room.
The robot will be able to prepare breakfast in the microwave from the fridge.
The fridge will be able to scan food stored inside it, consider eating habits, place orders in online e-commerce.
Even chips are going to be placed in the body of the animal in which the physical condition of the cattle, disease, breeding season, etc. are known in advance, and action is taken accordingly.
Digitization is now creating a lot of data, where you are going, where you are spending time, your smart car is getting the data.
Your bank account, mobile, wallet, credit card can match your expenses. What we see is that smartphones, smart TVs have data.
This data could not be saved earlier.
Now saving in the cloud is easy and low cost, because of its fast processing power, computers can easily analyze these data and make decisions.
Driverless cars will be relatively safe and efficient. They will also reduce traffic jams and pollution and the driver’s need will be reduced.
Computers are being given artificial intelligence.
AI can decide by analyzing the data based on the previous situation.
Computers are first trained, such as how to see an object. Showing many pictures of the object. The computer guesses a pattern.
As a result, the computer can later recognize the object by color, size, and posture. At present, if any transaction is done, it is recorded in the ledger or ledger.
A laser is stored centrally.
The laser is spread across the blockchain among all participants. As a result, no one can cheat, because everyone has a laser.
Each transaction creates a block.
It connects to the previous block to form a chain. Blockchain is not just about financial transactions; Contracts, land deeds, and records of exchange can be kept.
The introduction of blockchain will reduce the workload of middlemen, increasing financial inclusion.
For this reason, the demand for computer programmers, data analysts, and people with technical knowledge and skills is increasing.
The hope is that preparations have begun in advance to take advantage of the opportunities and possibilities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and to meet its challenges.
Initiatives so far
On the advice of Sajeeb Wazed Joy, adviser to the prime minister on ICT, Zunaid Ahmed Palak, State Minister for ICT, took the initiative to formulate the Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, and Robotics Strategy of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
After presenting to Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina the 10 technologies that will bring about rapid change in almost everything around us, the Prime Minister formed a task force realizing the importance of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
In 2019, the a2i Program and the International Labor Organization (ILO) identified six areas in a joint survey aimed at identifying the possibilities and challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
These are the transformation of the traditional education system, inclusive innovation, development of research and development, simplification of government policies, utilization of skills of expatriate Bangladeshis, and branding of Bangladesh as an innovative nation.
In the light of this survey, various initiatives including cooperation in innovation at the school level, teaching programming are being implemented.
About a year ago, the Department of Information and Communication Technology started training on 10 modern technologies to create skilled people.
These initiatives are making us hopeful of turning the risk of the Fourth Industrial Revolution into a possibility as well as opportunity.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has given utmost importance to technical education for skilled manpower. She highlighted the need for skilled manpower as a result of the forthcoming fourth industrial revolution and said that the highest importance should be given to technical education.
The Prime Minister also said that we need skilled manpower.
And that is why we have given utmost importance to technical education. In the future not only Bangladesh, but the whole world will need skilled manpower.
Those who go abroad have to become proficient in technical matters. And that is why our education system has been changed with the importance of technical education.
The government is assisting the non-governmental organizations which are imparting technical training. Skilled manpower is most important for building a country.
This is what we think all the time and we are working to create skilled manpower.
The government is building manpower in such a way that they can compete anywhere in the competitive world and utilize the opportunities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.